The fact that Cuba has been named a state sponsor of terrorism has an effect on travel between countries.
The designation of Cuba as a state sponsor of terrorism has seen shifts under recent U.S. administrations, with far-reaching consequences for international travelers. Travelers who have visited Cuba are now barred from using the Electronic System for Travel Authorization (ESTA) for easy entry into the United States due to this policy.
The Trump Administration’s Approach
When Donald Trump first assumed office, his administration placed Cuba on the list of state sponsors of terrorism. This move, enacted on January 12, 2021, restricted access to ESTA for individuals who had traveled to Cuba, forcing them to navigate a more complicated visa application process.
Just days before leaving office, President Joe Biden announced plans to reverse this designation, signaling potential relief for affected travelers. However, upon returning to the presidency, Donald Trump reinstated Cuba’s placement on the blacklist, reversing Biden’s efforts.
Implications for Travelers
The reinstatement of Cuba on the state sponsors of terrorism list has created additional hurdles for international tourists, particularly for nationals of countries under the Visa Waiver Program (VWP).
- Ineligibility for ESTA: Since January 2021, anyone who has visited Cuba is barred from applying for ESTA and must instead apply for a traditional U.S. visa.
- Lengthier Visa Process: Applying for a U.S. tourist (B-2) or business (B-1) visa involves more time, paperwork, and expenses compared to the ESTA process.
Travelers from Europe and other VWP nations who have visited Cuba now face significant challenges, including advanced planning and navigating a more complex administrative system.
Global Context
Cuba is not the only country whose visitors face such restrictions. Nationals from the 42 VWP countries who have traveled to specific nations, such as Iraq, North Korea, Syria, Iran, and Somalia since 2011, are also ineligible for ESTA.
A Missed Opportunity for Reform
The temporary removal of Cuba from the terrorism list by the Biden administration had raised hopes among many travelers. It was seen as an opportunity to ease restrictions, allowing those who visited Cuba after January 2021 to regain ESTA eligibility.
However, with the Trump administration’s decision to reinstate Cuba on the list, these expectations have been dashed. The status quo persists, leaving international travelers with little choice but to adapt to the more cumbersome visa requirements.
Preparing for Travel
For those who have visited Cuba since January 2021, it is essential to plan ahead. Securing a traditional visa is now a mandatory step, requiring careful preparation and time. This policy makes it clear how important it is to know about developments in geopolitics and how they affect travel rules.
